There is certainly a technique to stick welding with a constant voltage supply; it doesn't act the same a your standard "buzz box" at all. But I've used this trail repair method a lot and, with a little practice, you can lay down some good quality welds with it. Polarity is REALLY important...you must use the positive cable to ground the workpiece, and the negative cable on the electrode.
I've also tried 3 batteries; you do get a hotter arc, and if I was trying to weld something thicker than 1/4", I would need the extra heat. But, most trail rigs don't have anything that thick on them...so 24v is sufficient for 99% of the repairs that you would be doing.
I experimented with welding some 16ga (thin) sheet metal with one battery...didn't work out so well. Even with tiny welding rods, the arc still got too hot.